As the world’s second-largest economy, China continues to attract foreign professionals and multinational companies seeking new opportunities. From Shanghai’s thriving finance sector to Shenzhen’s tech ecosystem, China offers a dynamic market and a skilled workforce. However, entering the Chinese labour market is not without complexity, especially when it comes to immigration and work visa requirements.

Navigating China’s immigration system demands accuracy, planning, and local expertise. Whether you’re an employer looking to relocate staff or a professional pursuing a role in China, understanding the visa process is essential.

Types of work visas in China

Foreign nationals intending to work in China must obtain a Z visa, which is the standard work visa. However, obtaining the Z visa is only the beginning; the real authorisation to work comes in the form of a Work Permit and Residence Permit, both issued once the applicant is in China.

There are also other visa types relevant to professionals:

• M visa (Business visa): For short-term business visits, such as attending meetings or trade fairs.
• R visa (Talent visa): For highly skilled professionals recognised by Chinese authorities.
• S1/S2 visas: For family members of foreign employees.

It is important to apply for the correct visa type, as working in China under a tourist or business visa is illegal and may lead to penalties, deportation, or bans on re-entry.

Work Permit Tiers

China operates a tiered classification system for foreign workers, divided into three categories:

• Class A – High-level talent (e.g. senior executives, PhDs, innovators).
• Class B – Skilled workers in key industries.
• Class C – Non-technical or entry-level positions (often restricted or subject to quotas).

The classification determines the ease of the processing, the required documentation, and the length of stay permitted. Class A applications enjoy fast-tracking and fewer restrictions, while Class C applications are more heavily scrutinised and less likely to be approved.

The work visa process

The standard process involves multiple steps:

1. Employer registration: The hiring company must register with the local authorities to become eligible to hire foreign staff.
2. Work Permit application: Submitted online by the employer and approved by the local Human Resources and Social Security Bureau.
3. Z visa application: Once the work permit notice is issued, the individual applies for the Z visa at a Chinese embassy or consulate in their home country.
4. Entry and health check: After entering China, a medical check is required at an authorised clinic.
5. Work and Residence Permit issuance: Once in-country, applicants convert their Z visa into a Work and Residence Permit, allowing legal work and residence for 1–5 years, depending on the tier.

Each stage requires a series of official documents including a passport, degree certificates, employment contract, criminal background check, and in some cases, authentication of qualifications.

Challenges and considerations

Visa requirements can vary between cities and provinces. In fact, local policies are sometimes interpreted differently by regional bureaus, which adds another layer of complexity. Employers must stay up to date on regional procedures and shifting regulations, particularly in Tier 1 cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.

Moreover, recent geopolitical tensions and evolving public health policies have made the visa process more stringent in certain cases. On the other hand, cities seeking to attract foreign talent have introduced fast-track services and talent-specific policies to ease the burden for high-level applicants.

How Access Financial can help

We provide end-to-end support for companies and professionals seeking to work in China, including:

• Work permit and visa application management
• Document preparation and legalisation
• Family visa support
• Local advisory for onboarding and relocation
• Payroll and compliance

With deep local knowledge and global reach, Access Financial ensures your move to China is smooth, secure, and fully compliant.

Get in touch today to discuss your immigration or workforce mobility needs in China.